andrew_gelman_stats andrew_gelman_stats-2013 andrew_gelman_stats-2013-1657 knowledge-graph by maker-knowledge-mining
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Introduction: Andrew Lee writes: I am a recent M.A. graduate in sociology. I am primarily qualitative in method but have been moving in a more mixed-methods direction ever since I discovered sports analytics (Moneyball, Football Outsiders, Wages of Wins, etc.). For my thesis I studied Korean-Americans in education in the health professions through a comparison of Asian ethnic representation in Los Angeles-area medical and dental schools. I did this by counting up different Asian ethnic groups at UC Irvine, USC and Loma Linda University’s medical/dental schools using surnames as an identifier (I coded for ethnicity using an algorithm from the North American Association of Central Cancer Registries which correlated surnames with ethnicity: http://www.naaccr.org/Research/DataAnalysisTools.aspx). The coding was mostly easy, since “Nguyen” and “Tran” is always Vietnamese, “Kim” and “Song” is Korean, “Shimazaki” is Japanese, etc. Now, the first time around I found that Chinese-Americans and
sentIndex sentText sentNum sentScore
1 I am primarily qualitative in method but have been moving in a more mixed-methods direction ever since I discovered sports analytics (Moneyball, Football Outsiders, Wages of Wins, etc. [sent-4, score-0.065]
2 For my thesis I studied Korean-Americans in education in the health professions through a comparison of Asian ethnic representation in Los Angeles-area medical and dental schools. [sent-6, score-0.685]
3 The coding was mostly easy, since “Nguyen” and “Tran” is always Vietnamese, “Kim” and “Song” is Korean, “Shimazaki” is Japanese, etc. [sent-11, score-0.123]
4 Now, the first time around I found that Chinese-Americans and Vietnamese-Americans were proportionally the most numerous Asian ethnics at the medical/dental schools of UC Irvine and USC (each about 10% of graduating classes), while Korean-Americans were a distant third (3-5%). [sent-12, score-0.154]
5 At Loma Linda University, however, Korean-Americans were about 30% of dental school graduating classes every year and 20% of medical school graduates. [sent-13, score-0.55]
6 Chinese- and Vietnamese-Americans, meanwhile, were in the low single digits at Loma Linda (Japanese never exceed 2% at any school, strangely enough). [sent-14, score-0.084]
7 These results were surprising because I had expected all three schools’ Asian ethnic representation to mirror that of the region’s demographics; I thought I had made a mistake so I decided to try recoding. [sent-15, score-0.459]
8 What I did was that I decided that I might be subconsciously over-counting Korean-Americans by coding all instances of the “Lee” surname as Korean rather than Chinese. [sent-16, score-0.259]
9 So I decided that unless there were “ethnic” first names which could be used to identify an individual as a particular ethnicity, I would label all ambiguous cases as simply Chinese. [sent-17, score-0.243]
10 I would only label a person with a “Lee” last name as Korean if their ethnic Korean given name was included as a marker (Korean and Chinese given names are quite distinct). [sent-19, score-0.407]
11 After the recoding, my results were almost the same, except that the percentage of Chinese at Loma Linda University’s medical school went up to almost 10%, and the proportions of Koreans at Loma Linda University went down to 25% in the dental school and 15% in the medical school. [sent-20, score-0.559]
12 Sorry for the long, boring paragraphs above on coding, but I just wanted to know if my methodology seems “rigorous” enough and if you would see these results as valid? [sent-21, score-0.053]
13 I want to make sure about these results, because they were the stepping ground off which I undertook a qualitative study of Asian-American medical/dental students at Loma Linda University to find why the demographics at Loma Linda were so different. [sent-22, score-0.18]
14 I found that Loma Linda University being a Seventh-Day Adventist university was the key deciding factor; the fact that Loma Linda University is a religious university encouraged self-selection among applicants as well as potential applicants to its medical/dental programs. [sent-23, score-0.65]
15 Many non-Adventist potential applicants to Loma Linda’s programs decided against applying because they were turned off by the university’s overtly religious self-presentation; Korean-Americans are a highly Christian ethnic group, on the other hand, and so are well-represented within Adventism. [sent-24, score-0.552]
16 The fact that Korean immigrants to America are also usually at least middle class and college-educated/professionally-trained means that they had advantages in academic achievement. [sent-25, score-0.039]
17 I think there must be an academic literature on ethnic coding of names. [sent-29, score-0.372]
18 If you really want to learn some statistics you can fit a model in which the ethnic status of each person is a discrete latent variable, and then estimate using the EM algorithm. [sent-30, score-0.3]
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