nips nips2005 nips2005-141 nips2005-141-reference knowledge-graph by maker-knowledge-mining
Source: pdf
Author: Peter Dayan, Angela J. Yu
Abstract: Experimental data indicate that norepinephrine is critically involved in aspects of vigilance and attention. Previously, we considered the function of this neuromodulatory system on a time scale of minutes and longer, and suggested that it signals global uncertainty arising from gross changes in environmental contingencies. However, norepinephrine is also known to be activated phasically by familiar stimuli in welllearned tasks. Here, we extend our uncertainty-based treatment of norepinephrine to this phasic mode, proposing that it is involved in the detection and reaction to state uncertainty within a task. This role of norepinephrine can be understood through the metaphor of neural interrupts. 1
[1] Aston-Jones, G, Rajkowski, J, Kubiak, P & Alexinsky, T (1994). Locus coeruleus neurons in monkey are selectively activated by attended cues in a vigilance task. J. Neurosci. 14:44674480.
[2] Aston-Jones, G, Rajkowski, J & Kubiak, P (1997). Conditioned responses of monkey locus coeruleus neurons anticipate Acquisition of discriminative behavior in a vigilance task. Neuroscience 80:697-715.
[3] Aston-Jones, G, Rajkowski, J & Cohen, J (2000). Locus coeruleus and regulation of behavioral flexibility and attention. Prog. Brain Res. 126:165-182.
[4] Bouret, S & Sara, SJ (2004). Reward expectation, orientation of attention and locus coeruleusmedial frontal cortex interplay during learning. Eur. J. Neurosci. 20:791-802.
[5] Brown, E, Gao, J, Holmes, P, Bogacz, R, Gilzenrat, M & Cohen, JD (2005). Simple neural networks that optimize decisions. Int. J. Bif. & Chaos, in press.
[6] David Johnson, J (2003). Noradrenergic control of cognition: global attenuation and an interrupt function. Med. Hypoth. 60:689-692.
[7] Dayan, P & Yu, AJ (2001). ACh, uncertainty, and cortical inference. NIPS 2001.
[8] Desimone, R & Duncan, J (1995). Neural mechanisms of selective visual attention. Annual Reviews in Neuroscience 18:193-222.
[9] Devauges, V & Sara, SJ (1990). Activation of the noradrenergic system facilitates an attentional shift in the rat. Beh. Brain Res. 39:19-28.
[10] Doya, K (2002). Metalearning and neuromodulation. Neur. Netw. 15:495-506.
[11] Foote, SL, Freedman, R & Oliver, AP (1975). Effects of putative neurotransmitters on neuronal activity in monkey auditory cortex. Brain Res. 86:229-242.
[12] Freedman, R, Foote, SL & Bloom, FE (1975) Histochemical characterization of a neocortical projection of the nucleus locus coeruleus in the squirrel monkey. J. Comp. Neurol. 164:209-231.
[13] Jouvet, M (1969). Biogenic amines and the states of sleep. Science 163:32-41.
[14] Marder, E & Thirumalai, V (2002). Cellular, synaptic and network effects of neuromodulation. Neur. Netw. 15:479-493.
[15] McGaughy, J, Sandstrom, M, Ruland, S, Bruno JP & Sarter, M (1997). Lack of effects of lesions of the dorsal noradrenergic bundle on behavioral vigilance. Beh. Neurosci. 111:646-652.
[16] Rajkowski, J, Majczynski, H, Clayton, E & Aston-Jones, G (2004). Activation of monkey locus coeruleus neurons varies with difficulty and performance in a target detection task. J. Neurophysiol. 92:361-371.
[17] Rajkowski, J, Majczynski, H, Clayton, E, Cohen, JD & Aston-Jones, G (2002). Phasic activation of monkey locus coeruleus (LC) neurons with recognition of motivationally relevant stimuli. Society for Neuroscience, Abstracts 86.10.
[18] Sara, SJ & Segal, M (1991). Plasticity of sensory responses of locus coeruleus neurons in the behaving rat: implications for cognition. Prog. Brain Res. 88:571-585.
[19] Turchi, J & Sarter, M (2001). Bidirectional modulation of basal forebrain NMDA receptor function differentially affects visual attention but not visual discrimination performance. Neuroscience 104:407-417.
[20] Usher, M, Cohen, JD, Servan-Schreiber, D, Rajkowski, J & Aston-Jones, G (1999). The role of locus coeruleus in the regulation of cognitive performance. Science 283:549-554.
[21] Van Bockstaele, EJ, Chan, J & Pickel, VM (1996). Input from central nucleus of the amygdala efferents to pericoerulear dendrites, some of which contain tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity. Journal of Neuroscience Research 45:289-302.
[22] Wald, A (1947). Sequential Analysis. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons.
[23] Witte, EA & Marrocco, RT (1997). Alteration of brain noradrenergic activity in rhesus monkeys affects the alerting component of covert orienting. Psychopharmacology 132:315-323.
[24] Yu, AJ & Dayan, P (2003). Expected and unexpected uncertainty. ACh and NE in the neocortex. NIPS 2002.
[25] Yu, AJ & Dayan, P (2005). Uncertainty, neuromodulation, and attention. Neuron 46, 681-692.